95% Face Legal Problems as Resolution Rates Rise: Report

A report by HiiL has revealed that 95% of Ugandans experienced at least one legal problem in the past year, marking a significant rise from 88% in 2016 and 84% in 2020.
Despite this increase, resolution rates have improved, with 55% of these issues resolved—though nearly half remain unaddressed.
The Justice Needs and Satisfaction (JNS) 2024 Report, based on a survey of 6,300 Ugandans, identifies land disputes, family issues, crime, domestic violence, and neighbor conflicts as the most common legal challenges.
Among these, land-related issues were reported as the most severe, particularly in rural and Northern Uganda, with boundary disputes and land grabbing topping the list.
The resolution rate for legal issues has risen steadily from 40% in 2016 to 55% in 2024. However, 45% of cases remain unresolved, with 29% still ongoing and 16% abandoned.
Family and crime-related cases have the lowest resolution rates, reflecting persistent barriers to access to justice.
Economic and educational disparities continue to influence justice outcomes. Individuals with fewer financial resources or lower levels of education are far less likely to resolve their most pressing legal problems.
The report highlights the gender disparities in Uganda's justice system. Women are disproportionately affected by family problems and domestic violence, which often intersect with other legal challenges.
Domestic violence accounted for 10% of the most severe legal issues, with higher prevalence in rural areas and among younger women.
Corruption and deficiencies in law enforcement remain significant obstacles, particularly in urban centers.
However, Local Council Courts (LCCs) and cultural leaders have become essential sources of resolution in rural areas.
Despite their role, the formal justice system is notably underutilized, with nine out of ten cases resolved outside of its framework.
This third JNS report highlights increased awareness of justice needs and rising resolution rates.
Nevertheless, systemic issues such as regional disparities, land conflicts, and gender-based violence demand urgent and focused interventions.
The findings aim to guide policymakers, justice providers, and innovators in creating people-centered justice solutions.
Bridging the justice gap remains critical to ensuring equitable and accessible justice for all Ugandans.